Bumps on the back of the tongue are common and usually harmless, but they can indicate an underlying health condition in some cases. The surface of the back of the tongue is covered with tiny bumps called papillae, which are usually unnoticeable. However, they can become inflamed and swollen, causing pain and discomfort. Some common causes of bumps on the back of the tongue include:

• Transient lingual papillitis: Also known as "lie bumps," these are small red or white bumps that form when papillae become irritated and slightly swollen. They are very common and usually go away on their own within a few days.

• Canker sores: These are yellow or white spots with red borders that can appear on the tongue or other parts of the mouth. They are usually harmless and will go away on their own, but they can be painful.

• Allergies: Food allergies or intolerances can cause bumps on the back of the tongue and make it swollen. If you experience a sudden inflammation of your entire tongue, it could be an indication of a harmful reaction called anaphylaxis, which requires immediate medical attention.

• Oral thrush: This is a fungal infection that can cause raised, white areas on the tongue that resemble cottage cheese. It is more common in people with weakened immune systems.

• Tongue cancer: Rarely, bumps on the tongue can be an indication of oral cancer. Early detection is critical, so its important to see a doctor if you notice a lump of any size on your tongue.

If you have persistent, painful bumps on the back of your tongue or have difficulty eating or drinking, its important to see a doctor for proper diagnosis and treatment. Good oral hygiene can help prevent some types of tongue bumps, such as canker sores, but it may not prevent all types.