Computers can be classified based on different criteria such as size, functionality, usage, architecture, and more. Here are some common classifications of computers:

• Based on Size:

  • Supercomputers: These are the most high-performing systems and are used for research and exploratory purposes. They are exceedingly large and highly expensive.
  • Mainframe Computers: These are large and powerful computers designed to handle complex and critical tasks for organizations.
  • Minicomputers: These are smaller than mainframe computers but larger than microcomputers. They are used for scientific and engineering applications, as well as for business and administrative purposes.
  • Microcomputers: These are small computers that are designed for personal or home use. They are also known as personal computers (PCs) .

• Based on Functionality:

  • Servers: These are dedicated computers that are set up to offer some services to clients. They are named depending on the type of service they offer, such as security server or database server.
  • Workstations: These are computers designed to be used primarily by a single user at a time. They run multi-user operating systems and are used for tasks such as computer-aided design (CAD) and software development.
  • Information Appliances: These are computers that are designed for a specific purpose, such as a smartphone or a smartwatch.

• Based on Data Handling:

  • Digital Computers: These are computers that perform calculations and logical operations with quantities represented as digits, usually in the binary number system of “0” and “1” .
  • Analog Computers: These are computers that perform calculations using continuous physical phenomena such as electrical, mechanical, or hydraulic quantities.
  • Hybrid Computers: These are computers that combine the features of both digital and analog computers.

It is important to note that these classifications are not mutually exclusive, and a computer can belong to multiple categories based on its characteristics.