The different branches of science are broadly categorized into three major groups, each with various subfields:

1. Natural Sciences

These study the physical world and the universe, focusing on natural phenomena.

• Physics: Study of matter, energy, and their interactions.
• Chemistry: Study of the composition, properties, and reactions of matter.
• Biology: Study of life and living organisms.
• Earth Science: Study of the Earth, including geology, meteorology, oceanography, and atmospheric sciences.
• Astronomy: Study of celestial objects and the universe beyond Earth.

2. Social Sciences

These study human societies, behaviors, and relationships within social environments.

• Examples include sociology, psychology, anthropology, economics, and political science.

3. Formal Sciences

These focus on formal systems using abstract, logical, and mathematical methods rather than empirical observation.

• Includes mathematics, logic, computer science, statistics, information technology, and artificial intelligence.

Additional Details on Sub-Branches

Physical Sciences (a subset of Natural Sciences)

• Physics, Chemistry, Astronomy, Mechanics, Electromagnetism, Thermodynamics, etc.

Earth Sciences (a subset of Natural Sciences)

• Geology, Meteorology, Climatology, Glaciology, Structural Geology, etc.

Life Sciences (a subset of Natural Sciences)

• Zoology, Botany, Genetics, Microbiology, Neuroscience, Ecology, Biotechnology, etc.

These branches form the foundation of scientific knowledge and often overlap in interdisciplinary fields like environmental science, medical science, and engineering