Amino acids are brought to the ribosome by transfer RNA (tRNA) molecules. Each tRNA carries a specific amino acid and has an anticodon that pairs with a complementary codon on the messenger RNA (mRNA) strand being translated by the ribosome. This matching ensures that the correct amino acid is added to the growing polypeptide chain according to the sequence encoded by the mRNA. The ribosome has binding sites (A, P, and E sites) where tRNAs sequentially bind, deliver their amino acids, and then exit, allowing the ribosome to catalyze peptide bond formation and elongate the protein chain