The exact cause of ALS is still unknown, but researchers are focusing on several possible theories. Here are some of the possible causes of ALS:

• Genetic mutations: In about 10% of cases, ALS is inherited from a parent who carries a genetic mutation that causes the disease. In these cases, the disease is caused by an inherited mutation in a dominant gene, meaning the person only needs to inherit it from one parent to develop symptoms.

• Spontaneous genetic mutations: People with sporadic ALS may display spontaneous genetic mutations that caused their ALS, which are not hereditary.

• Environmental factors: Some studies suggest that environmental factors, such as smoking and exposure to toxins, may raise ALS risk.

• Cellular defects: Research using cellular culture systems and animal models suggests that motor neuron death is caused by a variety of cellular defects, including those involved in protein recycling and gene regulation, as well as structural impairments of motor neurons.

• Immune system dysfunction: The immune system may play a role in ALS, as some studies have shown early onset activation of the body’s immune system in animal models with motor neuron conditions, which can lead to inflammation in motor neurons.

• Neurotrophic hormones: The role of neurotrophic hormones, which are proteins that promote growth and regeneration in neurons, is also being examined as a potential factor in the death of motor neurons.

Its important to note that most cases of ALS are not inherited, and the cause of the disease is still not fully understood. Researchers continue to study possible causes of ALS, and there is ongoing research to develop new treatments and understand the cellular mechanisms involved in the development and progression of the disease.