Calcification of arteries occurs when calcium builds up in the walls of the arteries that supply blood to the heart muscle. This buildup can lead to coronary artery disease and increases the risk of a heart attack. The following are some of the causes of calcification of arteries:

• Age: Coronary artery calcification increases with age and is more common in older adults, with calcium buildup starting around age 40. By age 70, 90% of men and 67% of women have coronary artery calcification.

• Gender: Men experience coronary artery calcifications at a younger age than women, about 10 to 15 years earlier. Researchers think this is due to estrogen being protective against calcium deposits.

• Medical conditions: Chronic medical conditions such as diabetes, chronic kidney disease, hypertension, and metabolic syndrome can increase the risk of developing coronary artery calcification.

• Lifestyle factors: Smoking, obesity, and a diet high in saturated and trans fats can contribute to the development of coronary artery calcification.

• Genetics: Family history of coronary artery calcification can increase the risk of developing the condition.

Calcification of arteries is not reversible, but it can be prevented from worsening with lifestyle modifications such as not smoking, managing blood pressure and cholesterol, and maintaining a healthy weight.