Color blindness, also known as color vision deficiency, is a condition where a person sees colors differently than most people. The most common types of color blindness are genetic, meaning that people are born with it. The gene responsible for red-green color blindness is carried on the X chromosome, which is why many more men are affected than women. Inherited blue-yellow color blindness is very rare because it is inherited differently to red-green types. However, color vision deficiency can also happen if the eyes or the part of the brain that helps to see color gets damaged. Some of the common causes of color vision deficiency are:

• Eye diseases like glaucoma or age-related macular degeneration (AMD)
• Brain and nervous system diseases
• Certain medications
• Aging
• Chemicals exposure in the workplace

The symptoms of color vision deficiency include difficulty distinguishing between colors, seeing colors differently than others, and trouble seeing the difference between shades of the same color. The severity of the symptoms can range from mild to severe, and some people may not even realize they have a color deficiency. It is important to note that color blindness does not affect the sharpness of vision, and it is possible to have a congenital color vision defect and still have normal vision in other aspects.