Dark circles under the eyes are a common cosmetic concern for many adults. They can be caused by a variety of factors, including:

• Aging: As you age, the skin below your eyes becomes thinner and the blood vessels under your skin may become more visible, which can darken the appearance of your under eyes. Hollowed areas called tear troughs may also develop, causing shadows that increase the appearance of puffy eyes.

• Genetics: Hyperpigmentation may be a sign of genetic predisposition. People with darker skin tones are more prone to hyperpigmentation around the eye area.

• Fatigue: Lack of sleep or poor sleeping habits can lead to dark circles under the eyes. Although short nights alone dont usually cause undereye circles, a lack of sleep may make shadows and circles you already have more obvious.

• Allergies: Allergies, including hay fever, can cause dark circles under the eyes.

• Skin changes that happen with aging: Changes in skin color may be from melasma or post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation, both of which are more common in people with brown or Black skin.

• Rubbing or scratching your eyes: Rubbing or scratching your eyes can cause inflammation and broken blood vessels, leading to dark circles under the eyes.

• Skin thinning: Reduced levels of fatty tissue around the eyes and thinning skin under the eyes can cause dark circles.

• Dehydration: Dehydration can cause the blood vessels under the eyes to become more visible, leading to dark circles.

• Smoking: Smoking can cause the blood vessels under the eyes to become more visible, leading to dark circles.

• Medical conditions: Medical conditions such as anemia from iron deficiency, thyroid conditions, and dermatitis can cause dark circles under the eyes.

To reduce the appearance of dark circles under the eyes, some lifestyle changes can be made, such as getting enough sleep, using sun protection, reducing stress, and avoiding smoking and alcohol. If you have dark circles under your eyes that get worse over time or are accompanied by other symptoms, it is recommended to talk to a healthcare professional to rule out any underlying medical conditions.