Hydrocephalus is a neurological disorder caused by an abnormal buildup of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in the ventricles deep within the brain. The excess fluid causes the ventricles to widen, putting harmful pressure on the brains tissues. Hydrocephalus can occur at any age, but it occurs more often among infants and adults 60 and older. The causes of hydrocephalus are not fully understood, but it can be present at birth (congenital hydrocephalus) or develop over time from damage or injury (acquired hydrocephalus) . Certain factors can increase the risk of developing hydrocephalus at any age, including brain or spinal cord tumors, infections of the central nervous system such as bacterial meningitis, injury or stroke that causes bleeding in the brain.

The following are some of the causes of hydrocephalus in adults:

• Blocked flow of CSF in the brain
• Increased production of CSF
• Reduced absorption of CSF

Hydrocephalus can cause a range of symptoms related to brain function, including headaches, nausea, vomiting, blurred or double vision, difficulty walking, and cognitive problems. Treatment for hydrocephalus usually involves surgery to restore and maintain healthy cerebrospinal fluid levels in the brain. Therapies can also manage symptoms.