Gastritis is an inflammation of the stomach lining that can occur suddenly (acute gastritis) or appear slowly over time (chronic gastritis) . The inflammation of gastritis is most often the result of infection with the same bacterium that causes most stomach ulcers or the regular use of certain pain relievers. Drinking too much alcohol can also contribute to gastritis. Other causes of gastritis include:

• Infections: Bacterial infections and viral infections associated with the stomach flu can cause a short-term reaction that usually clears by itself. H. pylori infection is a common, chronic bacterial infection that can cause chronic gastritis. Less commonly, parasite infections and fungal infections can also cause acute or chronic gastritis.

• Chemicals: Alcohol and certain drugs can cause either acute or chronic gastritis, depending on how much and how often you use them. Overuse of NSAIDs (nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs), such as aspirin and ibuprofen, is one of the most common causes of acute gastritis. Some recreational drugs, like cocaine, may also cause it.

• Autoimmune disease: In some cases, gastritis can be caused by autoimmune disorders, such as pernicious anemia.

• Backflow of bile: This is when bile backs up into your stomach and food pipe (esophagus). Bile is a fluid that helps you digest food.

• Eating or drinking caustic or corrosive substances: This includes poisons.

• Extreme stress: This can be from serious or life-threatening health problems.

• Major surgery, trauma or critical illness: These can cause acute gastritis. Severe physiological stress causes your body to withdraw blood supply from your digestive system to redirect it toward your more vital organs.

Symptoms of gastritis vary among individuals, and in many people, there are no symptoms. However, the most common symptoms include nausea or recurrent upset stomach, abdominal bloating, abdominal pain, vomiting, and indigestion. Treatment optio...