Low sperm motility, also known as asthenozoospermia or asthenospermia, is a condition where sperm have difficulty moving efficiently, which can lead to male factor infertility. Some of the causes of low sperm motility include:

• Genetics: Some men may have a genetic cause for low sperm motility.
• Undiagnosed medical conditions: Certain medical conditions, such as varicocele (enlarged veins in the scrotum), can cause low sperm motility.
• Lifestyle factors: Poor diet, excessive stress, smoking, and excessive alcohol intake can all contribute to low sperm motility.
• Age and testicular damage: As men age, their sperm quality can decline, and damage to the testicles can also affect sperm quality.

Improving sperm motility can involve lifestyle changes, such as maintaining a healthy diet and exercise routine, reducing stress, and quitting smoking and excessive alcohol intake. In some cases, medical treatment may be necessary, such as surgery to correct varicocele or medication to treat an underlying medical condition.