Ovarian cysts can become twisted or burst open (rupture), which can cause serious symptoms. The exact cause of ovarian cyst rupture is not known, but it is more likely to occur during strenuous exercise or sexual activity. Some ruptured ovarian cysts can cause little to no symptoms, while others are more severe. The following are some factors that can influence whether a ruptured ovarian cyst becomes problematic:

• Infected ovarian cyst: Cysts can develop in response to a pelvic infection (called an abscess). If an infected cyst ruptures, it can trigger sepsis, a life-threatening immune response to harmful bacteria.

• Ovarian torsion: Blood flow to the ovary is reduced or cut off when the weight of a cyst causes the ovary to turn over on itself one or more times (called ovarian torsion). If this happens, surgery is necessary to restore blood flow.

Symptoms of a ruptured ovarian cyst can include sudden and severe abdominal pain, fever, nausea, vomiting, and heavy vaginal bleeding. If you experience these symptoms, it is important to seek medical attention right away. Treatment for a ruptured ovarian cyst depends on the severity of symptoms and can range from pain management to surgery.