Restless legs syndrome (RLS) is a neurological disorder that causes unpleasant or uncomfortable sensations in the legs and an irresistible urge to move them. The exact cause of RLS is unknown in many cases, and when no cause can be found, its known as idiopathic or primary restless legs syndrome. However, research has identified specific genes that may be associated with RLS, and it may be due to a problem with the way brain cells use dopamine, a brain chemical that helps with movement. Other factors that may contribute to RLS include:

• Nerve damage in the legs from diabetes, kidney problems, or alcoholism
• Iron deficiency anemia, which can lead to a fall in dopamine, triggering RLS
• Certain medications, such as some antidepressants, antipsychotics, and antihistamines
• Pregnancy, particularly from week 27 until birth

RLS can also occur as a complication of another health condition, known as secondary restless legs syndrome. Symptoms commonly occur in the late afternoon or evening hours and are often most intense at night when you are resting. Moving the legs or walking typically relieves the discomfort, but the sensations often recur once the movement stops. RLS can severely disrupt sleep, making it difficult to fall asleep or return to sleep after waking up, and it can interfere with daily activities.