Sinus infections, also known as sinusitis, occur when there is an inflammation of the sinuses. The sinuses are air-filled cavities located behind the forehead, nasal bones, cheeks, and eyes. Sinusitis can be caused by a variety of factors, including:

• Viral infections: Most cases of sinusitis are caused by viruses, such as the common cold.

• Bacterial infections: Bacteria can cause sinusitis, or they can infect you after a case of viral sinusitis.

• Fungal infections: Fungi and molds can also cause sinusitis, especially in people with weakened immune systems.

• Allergies: People with allergies can have “allergic fungal sinus infection” . Allergies can also cause rhinitis, which is inflammation of the nasal passages and can be confused with sinusitis.

• Nasal polyps: These are growths on the lining of the nose or sinuses that can block the sinuses and lead to infection.

• Deviated septum: A deviated septum is a structural problem within the sinuses that can cause blockages and lead to infection.

• Cystic fibrosis: This is a medical condition that can cause chronic sinusitis in children and teens.

• Exposure to pollutants: Regularly being around cigarette smoke or other pollutants can increase the risk of chronic sinusitis.

Symptoms of sinusitis include facial pain, a stuffy or runny nose, and sometimes a fever and other symptoms. Antibiotics are not always needed for sinusitis, as most cases usually get better on their own without antibiotics. However, if symptoms persist or worsen, antibiotics may be necessary.