Males typically have one X chromosome and one Y chromosome, known as the XY sex chromosome pair. This contrasts with females, who usually have two X chromosomes (XX)

. The Y chromosome is the key determinant of male biological sex because it carries the SRY gene, which triggers the development of male gonads and initiates male sex determination and development

. The Y chromosome contains genes involved in male fertility and other male- specific traits

. In summary:

• Males have one X and one Y chromosome (XY).
• Females have two X chromosomes (XX).
• The presence of the Y chromosome, specifically the SRY gene on it, directs male development