Francisco Pizarro was a Spanish explorer and conquistador who is most known for his discovery and conquest of the Inca Empire of Peru. He was born around 1475 in Trujillo, Spain, to a poor family. Pizarro spent much of his time as a soldier in Italy, where he gained a reputation for being courageous. In 1510, he accompanied Spanish explorer Alonzo de Ojeda on a voyage to Urabá, Colombia, and later joined Vasco Núñez de Balboa in his march to the "South Sea," across the Isthmus of Panama, where they became the first Europeans to see the Pacific Ocean from the Americas.

In 1524, Pizarro teamed up with navigator Diego de Almagro and a priest named Fernando de Luque to prepare for a voyage of discovery and conquest down the west coast of South America. They endured many hardships along the Colombian coast during the first (1524–25) and second (1526–28) expeditions. In 1532, Pizarro and his men conquered the Inca Empire and killed its King Atahualpa, firmly establishing Spanish control over South America. He founded the city of Lima in 1535.

In summary, Francisco Pizarro discovered and conquered the Inca Empire of Peru, and founded the city of Lima.