The stars on the American flag represent the 50 states of the United States of America. Each star corresponds to one state, symbolizing their equal importance and sovereignty within the federal system

. The stars are white and set against a blue background, which signifies purity, innocence, vigilance, perseverance, and justice

. Additionally, the five-pointed shape of each star symbolizes unity, guidance, and can also represent the five branches of the U.S. military (Army, Navy, Air Force, Marine Corps, and Coast Guard), reflecting the nation's defense and collective strength

. The stars collectively have been described as a symbol of the heavens and the divine goal toward which humanity aspires

. The number of stars has changed over time as new states joined the Union, with the current 50-star design adopted in 1960 after Hawaii became the 50th state