Switzerland has four national and official languages: German, French, Italian, and Romansh. These languages are spoken in different regions of the country, reflecting Switzerland's linguistic diversity.

• German is the most widely spoken language, used by about 62-63% of the population. It is predominant in the northern, central, and eastern parts of Switzerland. The spoken variety is mainly Swiss German (Schweizerdeutsch), a group of Alemannic dialects distinct from standard German and varying by canton. Standard German is used in writing and formal contexts. German is the official language in 17 cantons and co-official in some bilingual and trilingual cantons

• French is spoken by around 22-23% of the population, mainly in the western region called Romandy, which includes cantons like Geneva, Vaud, Neuchâtel, and Jura. Swiss French is very similar to the French spoken in France, with minor differences in pronunciation and vocabulary

• Italian is spoken by about 8% of the population, primarily in the southern canton of Ticino and parts of Graubünden. Swiss Italian closely resembles standard Italian but includes regional nuances

• Romansh is the least common official language, spoken by roughly 0.5% of the population, mainly in the canton of Graubünden. It is a Latin-based language with several dialects and serves as an important cultural symbol

Additionally, English is widely spoken as a second language and often used as a lingua franca in business and official contexts, though it is not an official language

. In summary, the linguistic landscape of Switzerland is characterized by four official languages distributed regionally: German (including Swiss German dialects), French, Italian, and Romansh, with English commonly used as a bridge language.