Having low platelets, also known as thrombocytopenia, means that your blood has fewer platelets than normal, which can lead to problems with blood clotting

. A normal platelet count typically ranges from 150,000 to 450,000 platelets per microliter of blood

. Thrombocytopenia is defined as a platelet count of less than 150,000 platelets per microliter of blood

. Causes of thrombocytopenia:

• Bone marrow problems If the bone marrow doesn't make enough platelets, it can result in a low platelet count

• Enlarged spleen An enlarged spleen can trap too many platelets, which lowers the number of platelets circulating in the body

• Autoimmune conditions Conditions like lupus and rheumatoid arthritis can cause the immune system to attack and destroy platelets

• Infections Infections such as HIV and sepsis can also lower platelet counts

• Medications Certain medications can reduce the production of platelets or cause the body to destroy them

• Cancers and cancer treatments Certain cancers, such as leukemia, and treatments like chemotherapy and radiation can affect the bone marrow and lead to a low platelet count

Symptoms of thrombocytopenia:

• Easy bruising

• Excessive bleeding, even from minor injuries

• Tiny red spots on the skin (petechiae)

• Bleeding from the gums or nose

• Blood in the urine or stool

• Heavy menstrual bleeding

• Fatigue

• Joint pain

If you suspect you have a low platelet count, a healthcare provider can perform a physical exam and order a complete blood count test to determine your platelet count

. Treatment for low platelets depends on the cause and severity of the condition