Misoprostol is a medication that is used to soften the cervix and induce uterine contractions. It is a synthetic prostaglandin E1 analogue that causes cervical softening and dilation and uterine contractions. Misoprostol is used in obstetrics and gynecology for various purposes, including cervical ripening, termination of pregnancy, and treatment of postpartum bleeding due to poor contraction of the uterus. When used for abortion, misoprostol is taken by mouth or inserted vaginally, and it causes the cervix to soften and the uterus to contract to expel the pregnancy. Misoprostol is most effective when used in combination with mifepristone or methotrexate. Misoprostol can also be used to dilate the cervix in preparation for a surgical abortion, particularly in the second trimester. Overall, misoprostol is a medication that is used to induce uterine contractions and soften the cervix for various obstetric and gynecologic procedures.