Primer paint is a preparatory coating applied to surfaces before painting to ensure maximum adhesion of the paint to the surface, increase paint durability, and provide a more uniform surface for the paint to stick to). Here are some of the things that primer paint does:
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Covers imperfections: Primer paint covers imperfections such as areas of your wall that may have been patched or repaired, and it can hide surface stains so that the color is all that shines through.
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Blocks and conceals stains: Primer paint blocks and conceals stains so they dont bleed through your newly painted finish.
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Provides a uniform surface: Primer paint provides a uniform surface for your paint to stick to, which results in better adhesion and a longer-lasting paint job.
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Creates a base for a smooth, seamless paint application: Primer paint creates a uniform base for a smooth, seamless paint application, so you can get the job done in fewer coats.
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Neutralizes the color of your surface: Primer paint neutralizes the color of your surface so when new paint is applied, the truest, most brilliant color shines through.
Primer paint is formulated to ensure maximum adhesion, and it acts as a sealer for porous surfaces that would otherwise absorb the first few coats of paint. It is also very effective at toning down dark colors, and it can reduce the number of painting coats needed for proper color coverage. While some paints are self-priming, it is still recommended to use primer before painting for a pro-quality finish.