The spleen is an important organ with multiple functions related to blood filtration and immune response. Its primary role is to filter blood, remove old or damaged blood cells, and store vital blood components such as red blood cells, platelets, and white blood cells. Additionally, it plays a crucial part in the immune system by producing white blood cells (lymphocytes) and antibodies to fight infection.

Main functions of the spleen

• Blood filtration : The spleen filters out old, damaged, or abnormal red blood cells and recycling their components, such as iron, which is returned to the bone marrow to produce new blood cells.

• Blood storage : It acts as a reservoir for blood, particularly storing red blood cells and platelets, which can be released in cases of severe blood loss to support circulation.

• Immune response : The spleen produces white blood cells, especially lymphocytes, to defend against bacteria, viruses, and fungi. It also monitors blood for pathogens and produces antibodies.

• Metabolizing hemoglobin : It breaks down hemoglobin from old red blood cells, converting it to bilirubin, which is processed by the liver.

Location

The spleen is located in the upper left side of the abdomen, near the stomach and behind the left ribs.

Overall, the spleen plays a vital role in maintaining healthy blood and supporting immune defenses, although other organs can compensate if it is removed.

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