The name Charles means "free man," deriving from the Germanic name Karl or karilaz. It originally signified a free man as opposed to a bondsman or slave. The name has royal and noble associations, notably with Charlemagne ("Charles the Great"), a powerful king and emperor in medieval Europe. It has been popular across many European countries and remains a classic, traditionally masculine name with historical significance linked to strength, leadership, and nobility.

Etymologically, Julius Pokorny, a linguist, also suggested it could mean "old man," coming from an Indo-European root related to age and respect. Variants of the name exist in many languages, such as Karl, Carlo, Carlos, Karel, and Karol, reflecting the name's widespread influence.

In summary, Charles fundamentally means "free man," is deeply tied to historical royalty, and conveys notions of freedom, manliness, and leadership.