Commonly used drugs to lower the risk of heart and circulatory diseases include several major categories:

• Statins (e.g., atorvastatin, simvastatin, rosuvastatin) reduce bad LDL cholesterol and inflammation in arteries, lowering risk of heart attack and stroke.

• ACE inhibitors (e.g., lisinopril, enalapril) and ARBs (e.g., losartan, valsartan) prevent blood vessel tightening, lower blood pressure, and reduce heart attack risk.

• Beta blockers (e.g., metoprolol, carvedilol) slow heart rate, lower blood pressure, and reduce risk of further heart attacks.

• Calcium channel blockers (e.g., amlodipine, verapamil) relax blood vessels and lower blood pressure, easing heart workload.

• Antiplatelet drugs such as aspirin and P2Y12 inhibitors (e.g., clopidogrel) prevent blood clots, reducing risk of stroke and heart attack.

• Other drugs include diuretics for reducing blood volume and pressure, fibrates to lower triglycerides, and niacin to improve cholesterol profiles.

These medications are often prescribed in combinations tailored to individual risk factors and underlying conditions to prevent heart attacks, strokes, and progression of cardiovascular disease. Always use such drugs under medical supervision due to potential side effects and interactions.