Overdose on Panadol (paracetamol) can lead to serious health consequences, primarily affecting the liver, and in severe cases, can be fatal if not treated promptly.

Immediate Effects of Overdose

Most people initially experience few or non-specific symptoms, such as nausea, abdominal pain, and tiredness, usually within the first 24 hours. As the overdose progresses, the risk of liver damage becomes significant, which can cause jaundice (yellowing of the skin and eyes), blood clotting problems, confusion, and in severe cases, multi-organ failure and death.

Symptoms and Timeline

• Early symptoms (within 24 hours): nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, fatigue.

• Progressive symptoms (24-72 hours): worsening liver function, jaundice, low blood sugar, coagulation issues, and potential neurological symptoms like confusion or coma.

• Severe complications (3-5 days): liver failure, kidney failure, brain swelling, sepsis, possibly leading to death if untreated.

Long-term and Severe Outcomes

If unaddressed, overdose can cause irreversible liver damage and failure, which could be fatal. Even with treatment, the risk of death exists, especially if treatment is delayed.

Special Considerations for Children

Children may exhibit symptoms such as vomiting, drowsiness, and in severe cases, coma, and liver or kidney failure.

Treatment

prompt medical attention is critical. The antidote, acetylcysteine , is effective if administered early, ideally within 8-10 hours after overdose, to prevent liver damage. Treatments may also include activated charcoal to reduce absorption if given shortly after ingestion.

Summary

An overdose on Panadol can cause initial mild symptoms but can quickly lead to severe liver damage, multi-organ failure, and death if not treated urgently with antidotes like acetylcysteine. Immediate diagnosis and treatment significantly improve survival chances.