Climate change has seriously affected the regional hydrological conditions. Hydrological stress and climate change impact in arid regions with agricultural valleys in Northern Mexico have had a significant impact on the region. Climate-induced hydrological changes have affected many regions, and changes in the hydrological cycle have affected the region where these changes occur. The impacts of climate change on water resources are widespread and include increased frequency and intensity of heavy precipitation, accelerated melting of glaciers, changes in frequency, magnitude, and timing of floods, more frequent and severe droughts in some places, decline in groundwater storage and reduction in recharge, and water quality deterioration due to extreme events.

Droughts are one of the most significant impacts of climate change on hydrological conditions. They seriously affect communities with marginal water supplies and have little effect on agriculture. The deficiencies in precipitation and higher than normal temperatures which bring on drought conditions are first seen in other parts of the hydrological cycle. Initially, less surface runoff occurs, and less water percolates into the ground. The first major environmental effects that are evident are lower soil moisture and reduced streamflows. Relatively higher temperatures lead to more evaporation. As a result, less water flows to urban and recreational reservoirs and farm ponds.

In conclusion, climate change has had a significant impact on regional hydrological conditions, including droughts, changes in precipitation patterns, and water quality deterioration. These impacts have affected agriculture, rural development, and communities with marginal water supplies.