A 3D printer is a device that creates three-dimensional physical objects from digital models, typically designed using computer-aided design (CAD) software. It works through an additive manufacturing process, where the printer builds the object layer by layer by depositing material such as plastic, resin, metal, or other substances until the final shape is formed

. The process starts with a digital 3D model that is sliced into thin horizontal layers by specialized software. The 3D printer then successively lays down material for each layer, which can involve melting filament, curing resin with a laser, or fusing powder particles, depending on the technology used. After printing, the object may undergo post-processing steps like cleaning, curing, or removing support structures to achieve the desired finish and mechanical properties

. 3D printing contrasts with traditional subtractive manufacturing, which removes material from a solid block. Instead, 3D printing adds material only where needed, enabling the creation of complex shapes with less waste and often lower cost. It is widely used for prototyping, custom manufacturing, and in industries such as aerospace, healthcare, automotive, jewelry, and construction

. In summary, a 3D printer is a machine that transforms digital designs into tangible objects by building them layer by layer through additive manufacturing techniques.