Clinical social work is a specialized area within the broader profession of social work that focuses on the assessment, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of mental illness, emotional, and other behavioral disturbances. Clinical social workers apply social work theory and knowledge drawn from human biology, the social sciences, and the behavioral sciences to provide mental-health/healthcare services, with special focus on behavioral and bio-psychosocial problems and disorders. They provide individual, group, and family therapy, and their treatment methods include the provision of counseling and psychotherapy. Clinical social workers are qualified to diagnose using the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM), the International Classification of Diseases (ICD), and other diagnostic classification systems in assessment, diagnosis, psychotherapy, and other. They work in a variety of settings, including private practice, hospitals, community mental health, primary care, and agencies. Clinical social workers are required to be licensed or certified at the clinical level in their state of practice. They are trained to recognize that individual clients are not “islands unto themselves,” but are integral to a much larger system, and they operate from a “person-in-environment” perspective, considering not only their individual client, but also the communities to which they belong, from family to vocational environments, and everything in between.