A female cat can be referred to as a molly, queen, or dam, depending on her age and reproductive status. Here are some details about each term:
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Molly: This is a generic term that can be used to describe any female cat, regardless of her age or reproductive status.
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Queen: This term is used to describe a female cat that has reached sexual maturity and is not spayed. It is also used to describe a female cat during pregnancy and the nursing period. The term "queen" comes from the word "queening," which refers to the process of a female cat giving birth.
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Dam: This term is used to describe a purebred female cat that is used specifically for breeding. It is typically only used as part of the cats paperwork, though it may be heard in a breeding environment. Some people also use it to refer to an older purebred cat in general.
Its worth noting that the term "molly" is similar to the term "tomcat" for male cats, and it can be used to describe any female cat. However, unlike male cats which are referred to as "tomcats," a female would simply be referred to as a "molly" rather than a "molly cat".
In different countries and languages, a female cat is called by various names. For example, in Russia, a female cat is known as "koshka" or "koshka-kot". In the UK and Ireland, a female cat is commonly referred to as a "queen". In Germany, a female cat is known as a "Katze". In France, a female cat is called "chatte" or "chatte femelle". In Spain, a female cat is called "gata" or "gata hembra". In Italy, a female cat is referred to as "gatta" or "gatta femmina".