A hydrogen car is a vehicle that uses hydrogen fuel for motive power. Hydrogen vehicles generate motive power by converting the chemical energy of hydrogen to mechanical energy, either by reacting hydrogen with oxygen in a fuel cell to power electric motors or, less commonly, by burning hydrogen in an internal combustion engine. Hydrogen cars are powered purely by electricity and drive with zero local emissions, similar to electric cars.
Fuel cell electric vehicles (FCEVs) are a type of hydrogen car that use a fuel cell powered by hydrogen to produce electricity, rather than drawing electricity from only a battery. FCEVs are more efficient than conventional internal combustion engine vehicles and produce no harmful tailpipe emissions, only emitting water vapor and warm air. FCEVs are fueled with pure hydrogen gas stored in a tank on the vehicle, and can fuel in about 5 minutes with a driving range of more than 300 miles.
As of 2021, there are two models of hydrogen cars publicly available in select markets: the Toyota Mirai and the Hyundai Nexo. Honda has ended production of all models of the Clarity, and Hyundai has sold fewer than 1500 Nexo SUVs thus far. While hydrogen cars have a long range on a single refueling, they are subject to several drawbacks, including high carbon emissions when hydrogen is produced from natural gas, capital cost burden, high energy inputs in production, low energy content per unit volume at ... .