A landform is a naturally occurring or anthropogenic feature on the solid surface of the Earth or other planetary body. Landforms together make up a given terrain, and their arrangement in the landscape is known as topography. Some examples of landforms include:

• Mountains: A landform that rises high above the surrounding terrain and is typically characterized by steep slopes, a pointed or rounded summit, and considerable elevation above sea level.

• Hills: A landform that rises above the surrounding terrain but is typically lower and less steep than a mountain.

• Plateaus: A landform that is elevated above the surrounding terrain and is typically characterized by a flat or gently sloping surface.

• Plains: A landform that is relatively flat and has low relief, meaning that there are few changes in elevation.

Other landforms include canyons, valleys, bays, peninsulas, seas, mid-ocean ridges, volcanoes, and ocean basins. Landforms can be categorized by their physical attributes, such as elevation, orientation, slope, rock exposure, and soil type. They can also be organized by the processes that create them, such as erosion, weathering, tectonic plate movement, and volcanic activity.

Landforms can be observed at various scales, ranging from a few hundred meters to hundreds of kilometers. They can also be further identified and systematically given a cohesive definition, such as hill-tops, shoulders, saddles, foreslopes, and backslopes.