A lone soldier is a soldier in the Israel Defense Forces (IDF) who does not have support in Israel, either because they do not have immediate family in Israel or they are estranged from their family in Israel. Lone soldiers serve in regular IDF units, including combat units, and receive special entitlements from the IDF, Israeli government ministries, and charity organizations, such as increased salaries, housing assistance, and additional leave. As of June 2022, there were approximately 7,000 lone soldiers from over 60 countries.

The needs of a lone soldier include financial issues, social and emotional support, and community building. Financial issues can arise due to the lack of family support, and the Lone Soldier Center provides counseling and information on military life to help lone soldiers navigate these issues. Social and emotional support is also important, as lone soldiers may feel lonely without family or friends nearby. The Lone Soldier Center organizes community building events such as movie nights, pub nights, and Shabbat meals to help lone soldiers connect with others.

The phenomenon of lone soldiers in the IDF is unique and has led to the establishment of organizations such as the Lone Soldier Center, which provides support and services to lone soldiers. The high number of lone soldiers in the IDF compared to other nations militaries may reflect the strong connection that Jews across the globe have to Israel.