Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) are laboratory-produced molecules that mimic the immune systems attack on cells that arent wanted, such as cancer cells. They are designed to bind to specific proteins called antigens that are found on the surface of cells, including cancer cells, and can be used to treat many diseases, including some types of cancer. Researchers can design antibodies that specifically target a certain antigen, such as one found on cancer cells, and then make many copies of that antibody in the lab. These are known as monoclonal antibodies (mAbs or Moabs) .

Monoclonal antibodies are used for diagnosis, disease treatment, and research. They are used as probes to identify materials in laboratories or for use in home-testing kits like those for pregnancy or ovulation. They are also used to type tissue and blood for use in transplants, for diagnosis, and for disease treatment. Monoclonal antibodies have been used to treat cancer, organ transplant rejection, and other conditions.

Monoclonal antibodies can function in different ways, such as flagging cancer cells, delivering radiation treatment, or helping the immune system recognize and destroy cancer cells. They can also have side effects, such as heart problems, lung problems, or allergic reactions.