Blood pressure is the force of blood pushing against the walls of arteries as the heart pumps blood. When a healthcare professional measures blood pressure, they use a blood pressure cuff around the arm that tightens and then gradually loosens. Blood pressure readings are given in two numbers: the first number, called systolic blood pressure, measures the pressure in arteries when the heart beats, while the second number, called diastolic blood pressure, measures the pressure in arteries when the heart rests between beats. A normal blood pressure level is less than 120/80 mmHg. Blood pressure readings are categorized as follows:

• Normal: Blood pressure numbers of less than 120/80 mmHg are considered within the normal range. If your results fall into this category, stick with heart-healthy habits like following a balanced diet and getting regular exercise.

• Elevated: Elevated blood pressure is when readings consistently range from 120-129 systolic and less than 80 mmHg diastolic. People with elevated blood pressure are likely to develop high blood pressure unless steps are taken to control the condition.

• High blood pressure (hypertension) stage 1: Hypertension stage 1 is when blood pressure consistently ranges from 130 to 139 systolic or 80 to 89 mmHg diastolic. At this stage of high blood pressure, healthcare professionals are likely to prescribe lifestyle changes and may consider adding blood pressure medication based on your risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease, such as heart attack or stroke.

• High blood pressure (hypertension) stage 2: High blood pressure stage 2 is when blood pressure consistently ranges at 140/90 mmHg or higher. At this stage of high blood pressure, healthcare professionals are likely to prescribe a combination of lifestyle changes and blood pressure medications.