A revolution is a sudden and fundamental change in political power and political organization, typically involving a revolt against the government due to perceived oppression or political reasons. It can also refer to great changes outside the political sphere, such as social, cultural, philosophical, and technological changes. Revolutions are often an attempt to promote equality and combat oppression.

The term "revolution" can be used in different contexts, such as the Industrial Revolution, Scientific Revolution, or the Digital Revolution, which are recognized as having transformed society, culture, philosophy, and technology much more than political systems.

There are two definitions of a revolution according to Jeff Goodwin. The broad definition includes any instance in which a state or a political regime is overthrown and transformed by a popular movement in an irregular, extraconstitutional, and/or violent fashion. The narrow definition includes not only mass mobilization and regime change but also more or less rapid and fundamental social, economic, and/or cultural change during or soon after the struggle for state power.

A revolution can be a challenge to the established political order and the eventual establishment of a new order that is radically different from the preceding one. It can be a change in political organization, the overthrow or renunciation of one government or ruler, and the substitution of another by the governed.

In summary, a revolution is a sudden and fundamental change in political power and political organization, often involving a revolt against the government due to perceived oppression or political reasons. It can also refer to great changes outside the political sphere, such as social, cultural, philosophical, and technological changes.