A sprite has two main meanings depending on the context:

In Computer Graphics and Video Games

A sprite is a two-dimensional (2D) bitmap or graphical object integrated into a larger scene, commonly used in 2D video games to represent characters, objects, or effects. Unlike static background images, sprites are often animated and can move independently within the game world. They are typically smaller images composited onto a background and can be manipulated in terms of position, size, rotation, and transparency.

• Sprites can be single images or part of a sprite sheet, which is a collection of images representing different states or frames of animation for the sprite (e.g., walking, jumping).
• Originally, hardware sprites allowed moving objects to be displayed without redrawing the entire screen, improving performance on older systems.
• Modern systems use software rendering and GPUs to handle sprites efficiently.
• Sprites are essential for creating dynamic and interactive elements in games, such as characters, enemies, projectiles, and UI components

In Folklore and Mythology

A sprite is a supernatural entity or spirit found in European mythology, often depicted as a fairy-like or ethereal creature. Sprites are associated with natural elements, especially air and water, and are considered elemental spirits or minor deities. Water sprites, for example, are elemental spirits connected to water bodies and are distinct from physical creatures like mermaids.

• The term "sprite" comes from the Latin spiritus meaning "spirit," through French esprit.
• Sprites appear in various cultural myths as diminutive beings similar to elves and fairies, often portrayed as lively or tricksy spirits

In summary, a sprite can either be a 2D graphical object used in video games for animation and interaction or a mythical, fairy-like spirit from European folklore. The context usually makes clear which meaning is intended.