Statins are a group of prescription medicines that help lower cholesterol levels in the blood. They are also known as HMG CoA reductase inhibitors, and they work by blocking an enzyme that the liver needs to make cholesterol. Statins can decrease LDL (low-density lipoprotein) or bad cholesterol by 50% or more, and they may also increase HDL (high-density lipoprotein) or good cholesterol levels. LDL is bad because it builds up inside the arteries, while HDL is good because it brings cholesterol to the liver, which gets it out of the body. Statins can also help the liver get rid of more cholesterol.

Statins are used to manage high cholesterol levels, which can lead to a hardening and narrowing of the arteries (atherosclerosis) and cardiovascular disease (CVD) . CVD is a general term that describes a disease of the heart or blood vessels, and it is a common cause of death in the UK. Statins can help reduce the risk of heart attack and stroke by lowering total cholesterol levels and reducing the amount of cholesterol in the blood. Statins can also help lower triglycerides (blood fats) and raise HDL levels.

Statins are generally safe and well-tolerated, and most people can take them without bad side effects. However, some people may experience side effects such as muscle pain, liver damage, and digestive problems. Statins can also interact with other medicines, increasing the risk of serious side effects. Therefore, it is important to tell your healthcare provider what other medicines you are taking before starting with statins.

In summary, statins are prescription medicines used to lower cholesterol levels in the blood. They work by blocking an enzyme that the liver needs to make cholesterol, and they can decrease LDL or bad cholesterol levels while increasing HDL or good cholesterol levels. Statins are used to manage high cholesterol levels, which can lead to atherosclerosis and CVD. While generally safe and well-tolerated, statins can cause side effects and interact with other medicines.