A substation fault refers to a problem or failure that occurs in the equipment of a substation, which can cause power outages or instability in the power supply from the substation. Substations are responsible for transmitting high voltage power from power plants to urban and industrial power consumers. Faults in substation equipment can be caused by aging, poor maintenance, overload, power surges, natural disasters, or human error. Some common types of substation equipment faults include voltage transformers faults, capacitors faults, and bus-bars faults. Detecting substation equipment faults can be difficult due to their diversity and randomness. One effective way to detect substation equipment faults is to analyze the regulation of behavior in the switching process of a substation. There are two categories of methods for detecting substation equipment faults: static detection and dynamic detection. Static detection methods detect power failure that is caused by a faultless trip of a substation switch, while dynamic detection methods analyze the regulation of behavior in the switching process of a substation.

In summary, a substation fault is a problem or failure that occurs in the equipment of a substation, which can cause power outages or instability in the power supply from the substation. Detecting substation equipment faults can be difficult, and there are two categories of methods for detecting them: static detection and dynamic detection.