A sump pump is a device designed to remove water that has accumulated in a sump basin or pit, typically found in the lowest part of a basement or crawlspace. Its primary function is to prevent flooding and water damage by pumping excess groundwater or rainwater away from a building's foundation to a safer location, such as a municipal storm drain or a sloped yard

. The sump pump is usually installed inside a sump pit, which is a hole intentionally dug at the lowest point to collect water. When water in the pit reaches a certain level, a float switch activates the pump, which then pumps the water out through a discharge pipe, preventing water from rising and damaging the structure

. There are several types of sump pumps:

• Submersible sump pump : Designed to be submerged in water inside the sump pit, with a watertight motor.
• Pedestal sump pump : Has a motor above the sump pit and is not submerged.
• Water-powered sump pump : Uses city water pressure instead of electricity to pump water

Sump pumps are essential in areas prone to flooding or where the water table is high, helping to keep basements dry and maintain soil stability around foundations