A theoretical framework is a structure that can hold or support a theory of a research study. It is a foundational review of existing theories that serves as a roadmap for developing the arguments used in a research paper, thesis, or dissertation. The theoretical framework encompasses not just the theory but the narrative explanation about how the researcher engages in using the theory and its underlying assumptions to investigate the research problem.

A theoretical framework consists of concepts and, together with their definitions and reference to relevant scholarly literature, existing theory that is used for a particular study. It must demonstrate an understanding of theories and concepts that are relevant to the topic of the research paper and that relate to the broader areas of knowledge being considered. The selection of a theory should depend on its appropriateness, ease of application, and explanatory power.

Theoretical frameworks are used to limit the scope of the relevant data by focusing on specific variables and defining the specific viewpoint (framework) that the researcher will take in analyzing and interpreting the data to be gathered. They also facilitate the understanding of concepts and variables according to the given definitions and build knowledge by validating or challenging theoretical assumptions.

Theoretical frameworks are important because they connect new research to existing knowledge and provide an explicit statement of theoretical assumptions to the reader. They justify and contextualize later research and are a crucial first step for a research paper, thesis, or dissertation. By "framing" research within a clearly defined field, the reader becomes aware of the assumptions that inform the approach, showing the rationale behind the choices for the research.

To develop an effective theoretical framework, one should review course readings and pertinent research studies for theories and analytic models that are relevant to the research problem being investigated. Here are some strategies to develop an effective theoretical framework:

• Evaluate, compare, and select the most relevant theories about the research topic.
• Use the theoretical framework to present and explain what has been learned, situated within the future research topic.
• Familiarize oneself with the theories and models that other researchers have already developed.
• Use the theoretical framework to connect new research to existing knowledge an...