White blood cells, also known as leukocytes, are cells of the immune system that protect the body against infections and other diseases. They make up about 1% of the blood and are produced in the bone marrow

. White blood cells help detect, attack, and destroy harmful pathogens such as bacteria, viruses, fungi, and parasites, as well as remove dead cells and debris from the body

. There are several types of white blood cells, each with a specific role:

• Neutrophils: The most common type, they are the first responders to infection and kill bacteria and fungi

• Monocytes: They help break down bacteria and can develop into macrophages in tissues to engulf pathogens

• Lymphocytes: Including B cells and T cells, they create antibodies and regulate immune responses

• Eosinophils and Basophils: These cells fight parasites and are involved in allergic reactions; basophils also help prevent blood clots

White blood cells have nuclei, which distinguishes them from red blood cells, and they circulate throughout the blood and lymphatic system

. Their count can vary due to infections, inflammation, or diseases such as blood cancers

. In summary, white blood cells are crucial immune cells that defend the body by identifying and eliminating infectious agents and abnormal cells, maintaining overall health and immunity.