Access control is a security function that determines which people should have access to specific physical areas or information. It is an essential part of physical security that keeps buildings, people, and information safe. Access control can be of two types: physical and logical. Physical access control includes things like turnstiles, barricades, key card entry, doors and locks, and even security guards. Access control security guards are responsible for controlling access and egress (exiting) of authorized people and vehicles. They utilize a four-step process: detect, deter, observe, and report. Detecting and deterring crime with their presence, observing people and property, and reporting any potential criminal act or emergency situation to higher authorities such as police and/or their clients. Access control security guards should know how they are expected to assess people and situations as they approach the property as well as what to do once theyre on site. They are the first point of contact for potential danger and are trained in assessing a situation from a distance and being able to take the necessary steps to protect the needs of clients.