Adolescence is the period of transition between childhood and adulthood. It is a unique stage of human development and an important time for laying the foundations of good health. During adolescence, children go through many changes in their bodies and brains, including physical, intellectual, psychological, and social challenges. These changes are rapid and often take place at different rates.

Here are some key features of adolescent development:

• Physical Development: During adolescence, children go through a process called puberty, which includes changes in their bodies due to the release of certain hormones. These changes include the development of sexual organs, growth spurts, and voice changes.

• Cognitive Development: Adolescents develop the ability to think abstractly, become concerned with philosophy, politics, and social issues, and think long-term.

• Psychological Development: Adolescents begin to observe, measure, and manage their emotions, becoming more aware of their own feelings and the feelings of others. They also establish patterns of behavior related to diet, physical activity, substance use, and sexual activity.

• Social Development: Adolescents become more independent and may push boundaries to explore ways of being independent from their family. Peer influence and acceptance become very important, and romantic and sexual relationships become important.

Adolescence is not always a smooth ride, and it can be an exciting yet challenging time in the life of a teenager. Adolescents need information, opportunities to develop life skills, health services that are acceptable, equitable, appropriate, and effective, and safe and supportive environments to grow and develop in good health.