Albumin is a family of water-soluble globular proteins, with serum albumin being the most common type found in human blood plasma. It is produced by the liver and constitutes about half of the total plasma protein content, typically ranging from 3.5 to 5 g/dL in healthy individuals

. Functions of Albumin:

• Maintains oncotic (colloid osmotic) pressure in the blood, which prevents fluid from leaking out of blood vessels into surrounding tissues, thus helping regulate fluid distribution in the body

• Transports various substances including hormones, vitamins, enzymes, fatty acids, bilirubin, ions (such as calcium, sodium, potassium), and many drugs throughout the bloodstream

• Plays a role in modulating blood volume and blood pressure

Clinical Relevance:

• Albumin levels in blood are measured by an albumin blood test to assess liver and kidney function, nutritional status, and overall health. Low albumin levels can indicate liver or kidney disease, malnutrition, or other medical conditions, while high levels may suggest dehydration

• Albumin is also used medically as a treatment, administered intravenously to patients with conditions like severe injuries, burns, bleeding, or before surgeries such as heart bypass

In summary, albumin is a vital protein synthesized by the liver that maintains blood volume and pressure, transports essential molecules, and serves as an important clinical marker for various health conditions.