An enema is a medical procedure that involves injecting fluids into the rectum to cleanse or stimulate the emptying of the bowel. Enemas have been used for years to treat constipation and similar issues, as well as fecal incontinence, a condition in which the stool leaks from the rectum unexpectedly. They are also used to clean the bowel before any test or surgery. Enemas can be administered by a professional or self-administered at home. There are different types of enemas, including:

• Cleansing enema: This procedure is water-based and includes holding the injection in the rectum for a short time to flush the colon thoroughly. There are two types of cleansing enemas: large volume enema and small volume enema.

• Return-flow enema: Also known as Harris flush, a return-flow enema is used to treat constipation and involves injecting a small amount of fluid into the rectum and then allowing it to flow back out.

Enemas can be administered in the comfort of your own home, but it is important to follow specific instructions to avoid injury. If you are unfamiliar with enemas, you should consider having a medical professional administer one for you. Enemas can be effective in treating certain medical conditions, but regular enema use can cause serious health problems. Because of the risks involved, a person should only use an enema for medical reasons. Some risks when using an enema include using too much liquid, stretching the bowel, and using liquid that is too hot or cold. Anyone with a compromised immune system or rectal prolapse should avoid using an enema. If you have concerns or worsening symptoms after an enema, ask a doctor right away.