An ostomy is a surgical procedure that creates an opening in the abdominal wall, allowing waste or urine to leave the body. The opening is called a stoma, and it is created when an organ, such as the colon, rectum, or bladder, needs to be bypassed or removed. There are different types of ostomies, including:

• Colostomy: The colon is attached to the stoma, bypassing the rectum and anus.

• Ileostomy: The bottom of the small intestine is attached to the stoma, bypassing the colon, rectum, and anus.

• Urostomy: The tubes that carry urine to the bladder are attached to the stoma, bypassing the bladder.

An ostomy pouching system is a prosthetic medical device that collects waste output from the stoma and allows it to drain into a sealed collection pouch, while protecting the surrounding skin from contamination. The system used varies between individuals and is often based on the medical reason, personal preference, and lifestyle. Ostomy barriers, also called flanges, wafers, or baseplates, sit on the skin and separate the ostomy pouch from the internal conduit. They are not always present and are manufactured using pectin or similar organic material and are available in a wide variety of sizes to accommodate a persons particular anatomy.

Living with an ostomy can be a major adjustment, and people who have an ostomy system can experience social isolation, depression, and changes in sexual function, as well as physical complications such as weight change. However, hundreds of thousands of people who have had ostomy surgery lead active, fulfilling lives. There are many resources available to help people cope with their new situation, including online ostomy groups and ostomy societies where ostomates share their experiences and help each other.