Article 12 of the Indian Constitution defines the term "State" as used in Part III of the Constitution, which enumerates the fundamental rights. The definition includes the Government and Parliament of India, the Government and the Legislature of each of the States, and all local or other authorities within the territory of India or under the control of the Government of India. The term "other authorities" in Article 12 has not been defined. The significance of Article 12 and its latest developments are important for the Indian Polity syllabus of the IAS Exam. The article clarifies that the term "State" occurring in Article 13(2) or any other provision concerning fundamental rights has been given quality meaning.