Asperger syndrome, also known as Aspergers, is a developmental disorder that was previously used as a diagnosis on the autism spectrum. In 2013, it became part of one umbrella diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders 5 (DSM-5). Asperger syndrome is now considered a high-functioning type of ASD.

People with Asperger syndrome generally have typical to strong verbal language skills and intellectual ability, which distinguishes it from other types of autism. However, they have difficulty with social interactions, restricted interests, and a desire for sameness. Some distinctive strengths of Asperger syndrome include remarkable focus and persistence, an aptitude for recognizing patterns, and attention to detail. However, challenges can include inappropriate or minimal social interactions, conversations that are one-sided, and difficulty understanding social cues.

Although the diagnosis of Asperger syndrome is no longer used, many previously diagnosed people still identify strongly and positively with being an “Aspie”. Cognitive behavioral therapy, social skills training classes, and speech therapy can help address anxiety, conversational skills, and voice control. An ASD diagnosis should be made by professionals specifically trained for it, such as pediatricians, child psychologists or psychiatrists, neurologists, or therapists.