Authority in principles of management is the right or power assigned to a manager or executive to give orders, make decisions, and direct subordinates to achieve organizational objectives. It is the legal and formal right to command and enforce obedience within the organizational hierarchy. Authority enables managers to allocate resources, guide employees, and ensure tasks are completed effectively

. Key points about authority in management include:

• It is essential for managerial functions and the execution of plans.
• Authority flows downward in the organizational structure, from superiors to subordinates.
• It involves decision-making power and the right to issue instructions.
• Authority must be balanced with responsibility to ensure accountability and effectiveness

• Without authority, managers cannot effectively get work done through others

Types of authority commonly recognized in management are:

• Line Authority : Direct authority over subordinates in the chain of command.
• Staff Authority : Advisory authority to assist and advise line managers.
• Functional Authority : Authority over specific activities related to specialization.
• Delegated Authority : Authority granted by a superior to a subordinate for specific tasks

Henri Fayol, a foundational theorist in management, defined authority as "the right to give orders and the power to exact obedience," emphasizing its critical role in management

. In summary, authority is the formal and legitimate power that managers hold to direct and control organizational activities, ensuring that goals are met efficiently and effectively. It is a cornerstone of the management process and organizational structure