Biodiversity is the variety of all living things, including plants, animals, and microorganisms, and the ecosystems they form. It is the most complex and important feature of our planet, and without it, life would not sustain. The term biodiversity was coined in 1985, and it is important in natural as well as artificial ecosystems. Biodiversity includes the number of different organisms and their relative frequencies in an ecosystem, and it also reflects the organization of organisms at different levels. Biodiversity holds ecological and economic significance, providing us with nourishment, housing, fuel, clothing, and several other resources. It also extracts monetary benefits through tourism. Therefore, it is very important to have a good knowledge of biodiversity for a sustainable livelihood.

There are three different types of biodiversity:

• Genetic Biodiversity
• Species Biodiversity
• Ecological Biodiversity

Species diversity refers to the variety of different types of species found in a particular area, and it is the biodiversity at the most basic level. It includes all the different organisms and their relative frequencies in an ecosystem. Genetic diversity refers to the variety of genes within a particular species. Ecological diversity refers to the variety of ecosystems found on Earth.

Biodiversity is important because each species can give us some clue as to how life evolved and will continue to evolve. Biodiversity also helps in understanding how life functions and the role of each species in sustaining. Biodiversity is important for human survival and well-being, as it provides us with food, fuel, shelter, and medicine. Ecosystems provide crucial services such as pollination, seed dispersal, climate regulation, water purification, nutrient cycling, and control of agricultural pests. Biodiversity also holds value for potential benefits not yet recognized, such as new medicines and other possible unknown services. Biodiversity has cultural value to humans as well, for spiritual or religious reasons, for instance. The different values placed on biodiversity are important because they can influence the conservation decisions people make every day.